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這幾天在用RStudio寫程序的時(shí)候突然出現(xiàn)無(wú)法從網(wǎng)絡(luò)直接安裝r包的問(wèn)題，也無(wú)法從本地直接安裝。

通過(guò)多方嘗試找到了問(wèn)題解決的辦法，現(xiàn)在記錄在這里。

程序報(bào)錯(cuò)如下：

> install.packages('REmap')
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
package ‘REmap' is not available (for R version 3.4.1)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.4:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.4/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/bin/windows/contrib/3.4:
cannot open URL 'http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/bin/windows/contrib/3.4/PACKAGES'
Warning: unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning: unable to access index for repository http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin/src/contrib/PACKAGES'

網(wǎng)絡(luò)上主流的解決方式是在tools-global options-packages中切換下載的鏡像，有很多人反映他們的問(wèn)題通過(guò)這個(gè)方法得到了解決，但是我換過(guò)很多鏡像都沒(méi)有用。

另一種方式是修改文件，在安裝文件夾中找到Rprofile.site文件，我的路徑是D:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.1\etc，用記事本打開(kāi)，在里面添加語(yǔ)句：　　

# set a CRAN mirror
local({r <- getOption(“repos”)
r[“CRAN”] <- “http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/”
options(repos=r)}

這也是設(shè)置鏡像的方法，與方法一相同。對(duì)我也沒(méi)用。

之后了解到R中install.packages()是從ie瀏覽器中連接鏡像的，所以無(wú)法連接服務(wù)器很可能是在ie這一環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題。

打開(kāi)電腦的ie瀏覽器看能不能正常上網(wǎng)，如果顯示代理問(wèn)題，在工具-internet選項(xiàng)-連接中將局域網(wǎng)設(shè)置里的代理服務(wù)器這一項(xiàng)去掉勾選。這樣就可以正常上網(wǎng)了。再檢查RStudio也能夠正常安裝r包了。

之后出現(xiàn)另外一個(gè)問(wèn)題：　　

> install.packages('sp')
trying URL 'https://cran.wu.ac.at/bin/windows/contrib/3.4/sp_1.2-5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 1538503 bytes (1.5 MB)
downloaded 1.5 MB

package ‘sp' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Warning in install.packages :
unable to move temporary installation ‘D:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.1\library\file4041367c44\sp' to ‘D:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.1\library\sp'

The downloaded binary packages are in
C:\Users\asus\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpWOz6Xu\downloaded_packages

無(wú)法將安裝包從臨時(shí)目錄中轉(zhuǎn)移，原因是殺毒軟件可能禁止了這樣的操作。

在殺毒軟件的白名單中加入R安裝在的文件夾，重新啟動(dòng)RStudio問(wèn)題即可解決。

或者比較麻煩一點(diǎn)的話就是在臨時(shí)目錄中解壓這個(gè)壓縮文件到R安裝目錄中的library文件夾中。

補(bǔ)充：R或RStudio下載包時(shí)出錯(cuò)解決方案

當(dāng)我們想要在R&RStudio中下載包時(shí)可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)如下類似錯(cuò)誤

基于R/RStudio中安裝包“無(wú)法與服務(wù)器建立連接”的解決方案