Rstudio中安裝package問題

一、 install.packages('REmap')無法安裝package：錯誤：“無法與服務(wù)器建立連接”

解決方式：切換下載的鏡像

方法一：在Rstudio菜單欄：tools-global options-packages中切換下載的鏡像

方法二：修改文件，在安裝文件夾中找到Rprofile.site文件，我的路徑是D:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.1\etc，用記事本打開，在里面添加語句：

# set a CRAN mirror
local({r <- getOption(“repos”)
r[“CRAN”] <- “http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/”
options(repos=r)}

二、手動安裝package

在網(wǎng)站：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/下載好需要的package

1.在R studio下，選擇packages

2.選擇Install

3.Install from欄選擇Package Archive File(.zip;.tar.gz)

4.Package archive欄點擊Browser，選擇剛才下載的文件

5.點擊Install，進(jìn)行安裝

致此，手動安裝R包完成。安裝提示如下

推薦第一種安裝方式：因為第一種安裝方式會自動安裝依賴的包，而第二種方式，除了下載你想安裝的包還要下載所有依賴的包，這就有一定的難度了。

補充：Rstudio安裝packages時報錯，原因可能是這樣

最近接觸R語言，安裝好Rstudio后，需要安裝R的第三方包mirt。

執(zhí)行步驟如下：

正當(dāng)滿心歡喜地期待包的安裝時，結(jié)果出現(xiàn)了下面的情況：

install.packages("mirt")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/likailei/Documents/R/win-library/3.6'
(as ‘lib' is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
package ‘mirt' is not available (for R version 3.6.0)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/PACKAGES'

什么鬼？！

此處省略5000字的辛苦排錯的歷程描述，直接貼上解決方案：

Rstudio默認(rèn)使用的國外鏡像源，國內(nèi)無法正常訪問。

Rstudio設(shè)置如下

Tools>global options>packages

更改鏡像源后，重新執(zhí)行安裝操作。

install.packages("mirt")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/likailei/Documents/R/win-library/3.6'
(as ‘lib' is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘permute', ‘GPArotation', ‘Rcpp', ‘vegan', ‘Deriv', ‘dcurver', ‘RcppArmadillo'

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/permute_0.9-5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 505181 bytes (493 KB)
downloaded 493 KB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/GPArotation_2014.11-1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 162104 bytes (158 KB)
downloaded 158 KB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Rcpp_1.0.1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 4494896 bytes (4.3 MB)
downloaded 4.3 MB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/vegan_2.5-5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 3861520 bytes (3.7 MB)
downloaded 3.7 MB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Deriv_3.8.5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 133828 bytes (130 KB)
downloaded 130 KB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/dcurver_0.9.1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 639915 bytes (624 KB)
downloaded 624 KB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/RcppArmadillo_0.9.400.3.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2276463 bytes (2.2 MB)
downloaded 2.2 MB

trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/mirt_1.30.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2572772 bytes (2.5 MB)
downloaded 2.5 MB

package ‘permute' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘GPArotation' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘Rcpp' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘vegan' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘Deriv' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘dcurver' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘RcppArmadillo' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘mirt' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

完美！！！

以上為個人經(jīng)驗，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教。

原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/LiuHuan_study/article/details/85778047