題目描述:
給定一個(gè)沒有排序的鏈表,去掉重復(fù)項(xiàng),并保留原順序 如: 1->3->1->5->5->7,去掉重復(fù)項(xiàng)后變?yōu)椋?->3->5->7
方法:
- 順序刪除
- 遞歸刪除
1.順序刪除
由于這種方法采用雙重循環(huán)對鏈表進(jìn)行遍歷,因此,時(shí)間復(fù)雜度為O(n**2)
在遍歷鏈表的過程中,使用了常數(shù)個(gè)額外的指針變量來保存當(dāng)前遍歷的結(jié)點(diǎn),前驅(qū)結(jié)點(diǎn)和被刪除的結(jié)點(diǎn),所以空間復(fù)雜度為O(1)
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2020/1/15 20:55 # @Author : buu # @Software: PyCharm # @Blog :https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44321080 class LNode: def __init__( self , x): self .data = x self . next = None def removeDup(head): """ 對帶頭結(jié)點(diǎn)的無序單鏈表刪除重復(fù)的結(jié)點(diǎn) 順序刪除:通過雙重循環(huán)直接在鏈表上進(jìn)行刪除操作 即,外層循環(huán)用一個(gè)指針從第一個(gè)結(jié)點(diǎn)開始遍歷整個(gè)鏈表,內(nèi)層循環(huán)從外層指針指向的下一個(gè)結(jié)點(diǎn)開始, 遍歷其余結(jié)點(diǎn),將與外層循環(huán)遍歷到的的指針?biāo)傅慕Y(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)域相同的結(jié)點(diǎn)刪除 :param head: 頭指針 :return: """ if head is None or head. next is None : return outerCur = head. next innerCur = None innerPre = None while outerCur is not None : innerCur = outerCur. next innerPre = outerCur while innerCur is not None : if outerCur.data = = innerCur.data: innerPre. next = innerCur. next innerCur = innerCur. next else : innerPre = innerCur innerCur = innerCur. next outerCur = outerCur. next if __name__ = = '__main__' : i = 1 head = LNode( 6 ) tmp = None cur = head while i < 7 : if i % 2 = = 0 : tmp = LNode(i + 1 ) elif i % 3 = = 0 : tmp = LNode(i - 2 ) else : tmp = LNode(i) cur. next = tmp cur = tmp i + = 1 print ( "before removeDup:" ) cur = head. next while cur is not None : print (cur.data, end = ' ' ) cur = cur. next removeDup(head) print ( "\nafter removeDup:" ) cur = head. next while cur is not None : print (cur.data, end = ' ' ) cur = cur. next |
結(jié)果:
2.遞歸
此方法與方法一類似,從本質(zhì)上而言,由于這種方法需要對鏈表進(jìn)行雙重遍歷,所以時(shí)間復(fù)雜度為O(n**2)
由于遞歸法會增加許多額外的函數(shù)調(diào)用,所以從理論上講,該方法效率比方法一低
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2020/1/15 21:30 # @Author : buu # @Software: PyCharm # @Blog :https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44321080 class LNode: def __init__( self , x): self .data = x self . next = None def removeDupRecursion(head): """ 遞歸法:將問題逐步分解為小問題,即,對于結(jié)點(diǎn)cur,首先遞歸地刪除以cur.next為首 的子鏈表中重復(fù)的結(jié)點(diǎn);接著刪除以cur為首的鏈表中的重復(fù)結(jié)點(diǎn), :param head: :return: """ if head. next is None : return head pointer = None cur = head head. next = removeDupRecursion(head. next ) pointer = head. next while pointer is not None : if head.data = = pointer.data: cur. next = pointer. next pointer = cur. next else : pointer = pointer. next cur = cur. next return head def removeDup(head): """ 對帶頭結(jié)點(diǎn)的單鏈表刪除重復(fù)結(jié)點(diǎn) :param head: 鏈表頭結(jié)點(diǎn) :return: """ if head is None : return head. next = removeDupRecursion(head. next ) if __name__ = = '__main__' : i = 1 head = LNode( 6 ) tmp = None cur = head while i < 7 : if i % 2 = = 0 : tmp = LNode(i + 1 ) elif i % 3 = = 0 : tmp = LNode(i - 2 ) else : tmp = LNode(i) cur. next = tmp cur = tmp i + = 1 print ( "before recursive removeDup:" ) cur = head. next while cur is not None : print (cur.data, end = ' ' ) cur = cur. next removeDup(head) print ( "\nafter recurseve removeDup:" ) cur = head. next while cur is not None : print (cur.data, end = ' ' ) cur = cur. next |
結(jié)果:
引申:從有序鏈表中刪除重復(fù)項(xiàng)
上述介紹的方法也適用于鏈表有序的情況,但是由于上述方法沒有充分利用到鏈表有序這個(gè)條件,因此,算法的性能肯定不是最優(yōu)的。本題中,由于鏈表具有有序性,因此不需要對鏈表進(jìn)行兩次遍歷。所以有如下思路:
用cur指向鏈表的第一個(gè)結(jié)點(diǎn),此時(shí)需要分為以下兩種情況討論:
- 如果cur.data == cur.next.data,則刪除cur.next結(jié)點(diǎn);
- 如果cur.data != cur.next.data,則cur=cur.next,繼續(xù)遍歷其余結(jié)點(diǎn);
總結(jié)
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的python無序鏈表刪除重復(fù)項(xiàng)的方法,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對服務(wù)器之家網(wǎng)站的支持!
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原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44321080/article/details/103996333