一、Tesseract簡介
Tesseract是一個(gè)OCR庫(OCR是英文Optical Character Recognition的縮寫),它用來對(duì)文本資料進(jìn)行掃描,然后對(duì)圖像文件進(jìn)行分析處理,獲取文字及版面信息的過程,Tesseract是目前公認(rèn)最優(yōu)秀,識(shí)別相對(duì)精準(zhǔn)的OCR庫。
二、Tesseract的使用
1.下載并安裝Tesseract:點(diǎn)擊下載
2.在Windows系統(tǒng)下設(shè)置環(huán)境變量:
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#根據(jù)下載安裝文件的路徑配置環(huán)境變量 set TESSDATA_PREFIX F:\Tesseract - OCR\ |
3.安裝pytesseract模塊
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pip install pytesseract |
4.在Python腳本中引入tesseract.exe應(yīng)用程序的方式:
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pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r 'F:\Tesseract-OCR\tesseract.exe' |
5.案例演示
識(shí)別以下圖片文字:
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import pytesseract from PIL import Image #1.引入Tesseract程序 pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r 'F:\Tesseract-OCR\tesseract.exe' #2.使用Image模塊下的Open()函數(shù)打開圖片 image = Image. open ( '6.jpg' ,mode = 'r' ) print (image) #3.識(shí)別圖片文字 code = pytesseract.image_to_string(image) print (code) |
結(jié)果演示:
<PIL.JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile image mode=RGB size=611x210 at 0x1A5DFDCB4A8>
Google
注:tesseract-OCR引擎識(shí)別驗(yàn)證碼有些無法識(shí)別,比如像豆瓣生成的驗(yàn)證碼無法識(shí)別其內(nèi)容,如果需要爬取豆瓣中的數(shù)據(jù)這時(shí)候就需要手動(dòng)的輸入驗(yàn)證碼:
三、模擬登陸知乎源碼
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import requests import time import pytesseract from PIL import Image from bs4 import BeautifulSoup def captcha(data): with open ( 'captcha.jpg' , 'wb' ) as fp: fp.write(data) time.sleep( 1 ) image = Image. open ( "captcha.jpg" ) text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image) print "機(jī)器識(shí)別后的驗(yàn)證碼為:" + text command = raw_input ( "請(qǐng)輸入Y表示同意使用,按其他鍵自行重新輸入:" ) if (command = = "Y" or command = = "y" ): return text else : return raw_input ( '輸入驗(yàn)證碼:' ) def zhihuLogin(username,password): # 構(gòu)建一個(gè)保存Cookie值的session對(duì)象 sessiona = requests.Session() headers = { 'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0' } # 先獲取頁面信息,找到需要POST的數(shù)據(jù)(并且已記錄當(dāng)前頁面的Cookie) html = sessiona.get( 'https://www.zhihu.com/#signin' , headers = headers).content # 找到 name 屬性值為 _xsrf 的input標(biāo)簽,取出value里的值 _xsrf = BeautifulSoup(html , 'lxml' ).find( 'input' , attrs = { 'name' : '_xsrf' }).get( 'value' ) # 取出驗(yàn)證碼,r后面的值是Unix時(shí)間戳,time.time() captcha_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=%d&type=login' % (time.time() * 1000 ) response = sessiona.get(captcha_url, headers = headers) data = { "_xsrf" :_xsrf, "email" :username, "password" :password, "remember_me" : True , "captcha" : captcha(response.content) } response = sessiona.post( 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/email' , data = data, headers = headers) print response.text response = sessiona.get( 'https://www.zhihu.com/people/maozhaojun/activities' , headers = headers) print response.text if __name__ = = "__main__" : #username = raw_input("username") #password = raw_input("password") zhihuLogin( 'xxxx@qq.com' , 'ALAxxxxIME' ) |
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36279318/article/details/79586022