本文介紹了python爬蟲(chóng)之BeautifulSoup 使用select方法詳解 ，分享給大家。具體如下：
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<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head><body><p class="title" name="dromouse"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p><p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were<a href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>,<a href="http://example.com/lacie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and<a href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p><p class="story">...</p>""" |
我們?cè)趯?CSS 時(shí)，標(biāo)簽名不加任何修飾，類名前加點(diǎn)，id名前加 #，在這里我們也可以利用類似的方法來(lái)篩選元素，用到的方法是 soup.select()，返回類型是 list
（1）通過(guò)標(biāo)簽名查找
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print soup.select('title') #[<title>The Dormouse's story</title>] print soup.select('a')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link2">Lacie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link3">Tillie</a>] print soup.select('b')#[<b>The Dormouse's story</b>] |
（2）通過(guò)類名查找
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print soup.select('.sister')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link2">Lacie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link3">Tillie</a>] |
（3）通過(guò) id 名查找
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print soup.select('#link1')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>] |
（4）組合查找
組合查找即和寫 class 文件時(shí)，標(biāo)簽名與類名、id名進(jìn)行的組合原理是一樣的，例如查找 p 標(biāo)簽中，id 等于 link1的內(nèi)容，二者需要用空格分開(kāi)
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print soup.select('p #link1')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>] |
直接子標(biāo)簽查找
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print soup.select("head > title")#[<title>The Dormouse's story</title>] |
（5）屬性查找
查找時(shí)還可以加入屬性元素，屬性需要用中括號(hào)括起來(lái)，注意屬性和標(biāo)簽屬于同一節(jié)點(diǎn)，所以中間不能加空格，否則會(huì)無(wú)法匹配到。
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print soup.select("head > title")#[<title>The Dormouse's story</title>] print soup.select('a[href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ]')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>] |
同樣，屬性仍然可以與上述查找方式組合，不在同一節(jié)點(diǎn)的空格隔開(kāi)，同一節(jié)點(diǎn)的不加空格
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print soup.select('p a[href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ]')#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>] |
以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/yizhenfeng168/p/6979339.html
