簡(jiǎn)介
quartz是一款功能強(qiáng)大的任務(wù)調(diào)度器，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)較為復(fù)雜的調(diào)度功能，如每月一號(hào)執(zhí)行、每天凌晨執(zhí)行、每周五執(zhí)行等等，還支持分布式調(diào)度。本文使用springboot+mybatis+quartz實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)定時(shí)任務(wù)的增、刪、改、查、啟用、停用等功能。并把定時(shí)任務(wù)持久化到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)以及支持集群。
quartz的3個(gè)基本要素
- scheduler：調(diào)度器。所有的調(diào)度都是由它控制。
- trigger： 觸發(fā)器。決定什么時(shí)候來(lái)執(zhí)行任務(wù)。
- jobdetail & job： jobdetail定義的是任務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)，而真正的執(zhí)行邏輯是在job中。使用jobdetail + job而不是job，這是因?yàn)槿蝿?wù)是有可能并發(fā)執(zhí)行，如果scheduler直接使用job，就會(huì)存在對(duì)同一個(gè)job實(shí)例并發(fā)訪問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。而jobdetail & job 方式，sheduler每次執(zhí)行，都會(huì)根據(jù)jobdetail創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的job實(shí)例，這樣就可以規(guī)避并發(fā)訪問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。
如何使用quartz
1.添加依賴
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<dependency> <groupid>org.quartz-scheduler</groupid> <artifactid>quartz</artifactid> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupid>org.quartz-scheduler</groupid> <artifactid>quartz-jobs</artifactid> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> |
2.創(chuàng)建配置文件
在maven項(xiàng)目的resource目錄下創(chuàng)建quartz.properties
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org.quartz.scheduler.instancename = myschedulerorg.quartz.scheduler.instanceid = autoorg.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = falseorg.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = falseorg.quartz.scheduler.wrapjobexecutioninusertransaction = false#線程池配置org.quartz.threadpool.class = org.quartz.simpl.simplethreadpoolorg.quartz.threadpool.threadcount = 10org.quartz.threadpool.threadpriority = 5org.quartz.threadpool.threadsinheritcontextclassloaderofinitializingthread = true#持久化配置org.quartz.jobstore.misfirethreshold = 50000org.quartz.jobstore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.jobstoretx#支持集群org.quartz.jobstore.isclustered = trueorg.quartz.jobstore.useproperties:trueorg.quartz.jobstore.clustercheckininterval = 15000#使用weblogic連接oracle驅(qū)動(dòng)org.quartz.jobstore.driverdelegateclass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.oracle.weblogic.weblogicoracledelegate#org.quartz.jobstore.driverdelegateclass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.stdjdbcdelegateorg.quartz.jobstore.tableprefix = qrtz_org.quartz.jobstore.datasource = qzds#數(shù)據(jù)源連接信息，quartz默認(rèn)使用c3p0數(shù)據(jù)源可以被自定義數(shù)據(jù)源覆蓋org.quartz.datasource.qzds.driver = oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriverorg.quartz.datasource.qzds.url = jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/xeorg.quartz.datasource.qzds.user = rootorg.quartz.datasource.qzds.password = 123456org.quartz.datasource.qzds.maxconnections = 10 |
說(shuō)明：在使用quartz做持久化的時(shí)候需要用到quartz的11張表，可以去quartz官網(wǎng)下載對(duì)應(yīng)版本的quartz，解壓打開(kāi)docs/dbtables里面有對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的建表語(yǔ)句。關(guān)于quartz.properties配置的詳細(xì)解釋可以查看quartz官網(wǎng)。另外新建一張表tb_app_quartz用于存放定時(shí)任務(wù)基本信息和描述等信息，定時(shí)任務(wù)的增、刪、改、執(zhí)行等功能與此表沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。
quartz的11張表：
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//tb_app_quartz表的實(shí)體類public class appquartz { private integer quartzid; //id 主鍵 private string jobname; //任務(wù)名稱 private string jobgroup; //任務(wù)分組 private string starttime; //任務(wù)開(kāi)始時(shí)間 private string cronexpression; //corn表達(dá)式 private string invokeparam;//需要傳遞的參數(shù) ...省略set get} |
3.quartz配置
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/** * 創(chuàng)建job 實(shí)例工廠，解決spring注入問(wèn)題，如果使用默認(rèn)會(huì)導(dǎo)致spring的@autowired 無(wú)法注入問(wèn)題 * @author llq * */@componentpublic class jobfactory extends adaptablejobfactory{ @autowired private autowirecapablebeanfactory capablebeanfactory; @override protected object createjobinstance(triggerfiredbundle bundle) throws exception { //調(diào)用父類的方法 object jobinstance = super.createjobinstance(bundle); //進(jìn)行注入 capablebeanfactory.autowirebean(jobinstance); return jobinstance; }} |
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@configurationpublic class schedulerconfig implements applicationlistener<contextrefreshedevent>{ @autowired private jobfactory jobfactory; @autowired @qualifier("datasource") private datasource primarydatasource; @override public void onapplicationevent(contextrefreshedevent event) { system.out.println("任務(wù)已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)..."+event.getsource()); } @bean public schedulerfactorybean schedulerfactorybean() throws ioexception { //獲取配置屬性 propertiesfactorybean propertiesfactorybean = new propertiesfactorybean(); propertiesfactorybean.setlocation(new classpathresource("/quartz.properties")); //在quartz.properties中的屬性被讀取并注入后再初始化對(duì)象 propertiesfactorybean.afterpropertiesset(); //創(chuàng)建schedulerfactorybean schedulerfactorybean factory = new schedulerfactorybean(); factory.setquartzproperties(propertiesfactorybean.getobject()); //使用數(shù)據(jù)源，自定義數(shù)據(jù)源 factory.setdatasource(this.primarydatasource); factory.setjobfactory(jobfactory); factory.setwaitforjobstocompleteonshutdown(true);//這樣當(dāng)spring關(guān)閉時(shí)，會(huì)等待所有已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)的quartz job結(jié)束后spring才能完全shutdown。 factory.setoverwriteexistingjobs(false); factory.setstartupdelay(1); return factory; } /* * 通過(guò)schedulerfactorybean獲取scheduler的實(shí)例 */ @bean(name="scheduler") public scheduler scheduler() throws ioexception { return schedulerfactorybean().getscheduler(); } @bean public quartzinitializerlistener executorlistener() { return new quartzinitializerlistener(); }} |
4.創(chuàng)建定時(shí)任務(wù)服務(wù)
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@servicepublic class jobutil { @autowired @qualifier("scheduler") private scheduler scheduler; /** * 新建一個(gè)任務(wù) * */ public string addjob(appquartz appquartz) throws exception { simpledateformat df = new simpledateformat("yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss"); date date=df.parse(appquartz.getstarttime()); if (!cronexpression.isvalidexpression(appquartz.getcronexpression())) { return "illegal cron expression"; //表達(dá)式格式不正確 } jobdetail jobdetail=null; //構(gòu)建job信息 if("jobone".equals(appquartz.getjobgroup())) { jobdetail = jobbuilder.newjob(jobone.class).withidentity(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()).build(); } if("jobtwo".equals(appquartz.getjobgroup())) { jobdetail = jobbuilder.newjob(jobtwo.class).withidentity(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()).build(); } //表達(dá)式調(diào)度構(gòu)建器(即任務(wù)執(zhí)行的時(shí)間,不立即執(zhí)行) cronschedulebuilder schedulebuilder = cronschedulebuilder.cronschedule(appquartz.getcronexpression()).withmisfirehandlinginstructiondonothing(); //按新的cronexpression表達(dá)式構(gòu)建一個(gè)新的trigger crontrigger trigger = triggerbuilder.newtrigger().withidentity(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()).startat(date) .withschedule(schedulebuilder).build(); //傳遞參數(shù) if(appquartz.getinvokeparam()!=null && !"".equals(appquartz.getinvokeparam())) { trigger.getjobdatamap().put("invokeparam",appquartz.getinvokeparam()); } scheduler.schedulejob(jobdetail, trigger); // pausejob(appquartz.getjobname(),appquartz.getjobgroup()); return "success"; } /** * 獲取job狀態(tài) * @param jobname * @param jobgroup * @return * @throws schedulerexception */ public string getjobstate(string jobname, string jobgroup) throws schedulerexception { triggerkey triggerkey = new triggerkey(jobname, jobgroup); return scheduler.gettriggerstate(triggerkey).name(); } //暫停所有任務(wù) public void pausealljob() throws schedulerexception { scheduler.pauseall(); } //暫停任務(wù) public string pausejob(string jobname, string jobgroup) throws schedulerexception { jobkey jobkey = new jobkey(jobname, jobgroup); jobdetail jobdetail = scheduler.getjobdetail(jobkey); if (jobdetail == null) { return "fail"; }else { scheduler.pausejob(jobkey); return "success"; } } //恢復(fù)所有任務(wù) public void resumealljob() throws schedulerexception { scheduler.resumeall(); } // 恢復(fù)某個(gè)任務(wù) public string resumejob(string jobname, string jobgroup) throws schedulerexception { jobkey jobkey = new jobkey(jobname, jobgroup); jobdetail jobdetail = scheduler.getjobdetail(jobkey); if (jobdetail == null) { return "fail"; }else { scheduler.resumejob(jobkey); return "success"; } } //刪除某個(gè)任務(wù) public string deletejob(appquartz appquartz) throws schedulerexception { jobkey jobkey = new jobkey(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()); jobdetail jobdetail = scheduler.getjobdetail(jobkey); if (jobdetail == null ) { return "jobdetail is null"; }else if(!scheduler.checkexists(jobkey)) { return "jobkey is not exists"; }else { scheduler.deletejob(jobkey); return "success"; } } //修改任務(wù) public string modifyjob(appquartz appquartz) throws schedulerexception { if (!cronexpression.isvalidexpression(appquartz.getcronexpression())) { return "illegal cron expression"; } triggerkey triggerkey = triggerkey.triggerkey(appquartz.getjobname(),appquartz.getjobgroup()); jobkey jobkey = new jobkey(appquartz.getjobname(),appquartz.getjobgroup()); if (scheduler.checkexists(jobkey) && scheduler.checkexists(triggerkey)) { crontrigger trigger = (crontrigger) scheduler.gettrigger(triggerkey); //表達(dá)式調(diào)度構(gòu)建器,不立即執(zhí)行 cronschedulebuilder schedulebuilder = cronschedulebuilder.cronschedule(appquartz.getcronexpression()).withmisfirehandlinginstructiondonothing(); //按新的cronexpression表達(dá)式重新構(gòu)建trigger trigger = trigger.gettriggerbuilder().withidentity(triggerkey) .withschedule(schedulebuilder).build(); //修改參數(shù) if(!trigger.getjobdatamap().get("invokeparam").equals(appquartz.getinvokeparam())) { trigger.getjobdatamap().put("invokeparam",appquartz.getinvokeparam()); } //按新的trigger重新設(shè)置job執(zhí)行 scheduler.reschedulejob(triggerkey, trigger); return "success"; }else { return "job or trigger not exists"; } }} |
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@persistjobdataafterexecution@disallowconcurrentexecution@componentpublic class jonone implements job{ @override public void execute(jobexecutioncontext context) throws jobexecutionexception{ jobdatamap data=context.gettrigger().getjobdatamap(); string invokeparam =(string) data.get("invokeparam"); //在這里實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯 }} |
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@persistjobdataafterexecution@disallowconcurrentexecution@componentpublic class jobtwo implements job{ @override public void execute(jobexecutioncontext context) throws jobexecutionexception{ jobdatamap data=context.gettrigger().getjobdatamap(); string invokeparam =(string) data.get("invokeparam"); //在這里實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯 }} |
說(shuō)明：每個(gè)定時(shí)任務(wù)都必須有一個(gè)分組，名稱和corn表達(dá)式,corn表達(dá)式也就是定時(shí)任務(wù)的觸發(fā)時(shí)間，關(guān)于corn表達(dá)式格式以及含義可以參考一些網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。每個(gè)定時(shí)任務(wù)都有一個(gè)入口類在這里我把類名當(dāng)成定時(shí)任務(wù)的分組名稱，例如：只要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建定時(shí)任務(wù)的分組是jobone的都會(huì)執(zhí)行jobone這個(gè)任務(wù)類里面的邏輯。如果定時(shí)任務(wù)需要額外的參數(shù)可以使用jobdatamap傳遞參數(shù)，當(dāng)然也可以從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中獲取需要的數(shù)據(jù)。@persistjobdataafterexecution和@disallowconcurrentexecution注解是不讓某個(gè)定時(shí)任務(wù)并發(fā)執(zhí)行，只有等當(dāng)前任務(wù)完成下一個(gè)任務(wù)才會(huì)去執(zhí)行。
5.封裝定時(shí)任務(wù)接口
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@restcontrollerpublic class jobcontroller { @autowired private jobutil jobutil; @autowired private appquartzservice appquartzservice; //添加一個(gè)job @requestmapping(value="/addjob",method=requestmethod.post) public returnmsg addjob(@requestbody appquartz appquartz) throws exception { appquartzservice.insertappquartzser(appquartz); result=jobutil.addjob(appquartz); } //暫停job @requestmapping(value="/pausejob",method=requestmethod.post) public returnmsg pausejob(@requestbody integer[]quartzids) throws exception { appquartz appquartz=null; if(quartzids.length>0){ for(integer quartzid:quartzids) { appquartz=appquartzservice.selectappquartzbyidser(quartzid).get(0); jobutil.pausejob(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()); } return new returnmsg("200","success pausejob"); }else { return new returnmsg("404","fail pausejob"); } } //恢復(fù)job @requestmapping(value="/resumejob",method=requestmethod.post) public returnmsg resumejob(@requestbody integer[]quartzids) throws exception { appquartz appquartz=null; if(quartzids.length>0) { for(integer quartzid:quartzids) { appquartz=appquartzservice.selectappquartzbyidser(quartzid).get(0); jobutil.resumejob(appquartz.getjobname(), appquartz.getjobgroup()); } return new returnmsg("200","success resumejob"); }else { return new returnmsg("404","fail resumejob"); } } //刪除job @requestmapping(value="/deletjob",method=requestmethod.post) public returnmsg deletjob(@requestbody integer[]quartzids) throws exception { appquartz appquartz=null; for(integer quartzid:quartzids) { appquartz=appquartzservice.selectappquartzbyidser(quartzid).get(0); string ret=jobutil.deletejob(appquartz); if("success".equals(ret)) { appquartzservice.deleteappquartzbyidser(quartzid); } } return new returnmsg("200","success deletejob"); } //修改 @requestmapping(value="/updatejob",method=requestmethod.post) public returnmsg modifyjob(@requestbody appquartz appquartz) throws exception { string ret= jobutil.modifyjob(appquartz); if("success".equals(ret)) { appquartzservice.updateappquartzser(appquartz); return new returnmsg("200","success updatejob",ret); }else { return new returnmsg("404","fail updatejob",ret); } } //暫停所有 @requestmapping(value="/pauseall",method=requestmethod.get) public returnmsg pausealljob() throws exception { jobutil.pausealljob(); return new returnmsg("200","success pauseall"); } //恢復(fù)所有 @requestmapping(value="/repauseall",method=requestmethod.get) public returnmsg repausealljob() throws exception { jobutil.resumealljob(); return new returnmsg("200","success repauseall"); } } |
以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000016554033
