join字面上是加入的意思,我們先看看join方法的解釋和實(shí)現(xiàn)。
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/** * Waits for this thread to die. * 調(diào)用方線程(調(diào)用join方法的線程)執(zhí)行等待操作,直到被調(diào)用的線程(join方法所屬的線程)結(jié)束,再被喚醒 * <p> An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the same * way as the invocation * * * @throws InterruptedException * if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The * <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is * cleared when this exception is thrown. */ public final void join() throws InterruptedException { join( 0 ); } |
這里join是調(diào)用的
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/** * Waits at most {@code millis} milliseconds for this thread to * die. A timeout of {@code 0} means to wait forever. * 等待線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束,或者指定的最大等待時(shí)間到了,調(diào)用方線程再次被喚醒,如果最大等待時(shí)間為0,則只能等線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束,才能被喚醒。 * <p> This implementation uses a loop of {@code this.wait} calls * conditioned on {@code this.isAlive}. As a thread terminates the * {@code this.notifyAll} method is invoked. It is recommended that * applications not use {@code wait}, {@code notify}, or * {@code notifyAll} on {@code Thread} instances. * * */ public final synchronized void join( long millis) throws InterruptedException { long base = System.currentTimeMillis(); long now = 0 ; if (millis < 0 ) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "timeout value is negative" ); } if (millis == 0 ) { while (isAlive()) { wait( 0 ); } } else { while (isAlive()) { long delay = millis - now; if (delay <= 0 ) { break ; } wait(delay); now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base; } } } |
可以看到,join方法本身是通過(guò)wait方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)等待的,這里判斷如果線程還在運(yùn)行中的話,則繼續(xù)等待,如果指定時(shí)間到了,或者線程運(yùn)行完成了,則代碼繼續(xù)向下執(zhí)行,調(diào)用線程就可以執(zhí)行后面的邏輯了。
但是在這里沒(méi)有看到哪里調(diào)用notify或者notifyAll方法,如果沒(méi)有調(diào)用的話,那調(diào)用方線程會(huì)一直等待下去,那是哪里調(diào)用了喚醒它的方法呢?通過(guò)查證得知,原來(lái)在線程結(jié)束時(shí),java虛擬機(jī)會(huì)執(zhí)行該線程的本地exit方法,
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//線程退出函數(shù): void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) { ... //這里會(huì)處理join相關(guān)的銷毀邏輯 ensure_join( this ); ... } //處理join相關(guān)的銷毀邏輯 static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) { Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj()); ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread); thread->clear_pending_exception(); java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), java_lang_Thread::TERMINATED); java_lang_Thread::set_thread(threadObj(), NULL); //這里就調(diào)用notifyAll方法,喚醒等待的線程 lock.notify_all(thread); thread->clear_pending_exception(); } |
這樣線程什么時(shí)候被喚醒就明白了。下面寫個(gè)例子看下效果。
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public class JoinTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ThreadBoy boy = new ThreadBoy(); boy.start(); } static class ThreadBoy extends Thread{ @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街" ); ThreadGirl girl = new ThreadGirl(); girl.start(); try { girl.join(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "男孩和女孩開(kāi)始去逛街了" ); } } static class ThreadGirl extends Thread{ @Override public void run() { int time = 5000 ; System.out.println( "女孩開(kāi)始化妝,男孩在等待。。。" ); try { Thread.sleep(time); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "女孩化妝完成!,耗時(shí)" + time); } } } |
執(zhí)行結(jié)果為:
男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街
女孩開(kāi)始化妝,男孩在等待。。。
女孩化妝完成!,耗時(shí)5000
男孩和女孩開(kāi)始去逛街了
就是男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備去逛街,女孩要化妝先,等女孩化妝完成了,再一起去逛街。
那join(time)的用法是怎么樣的呢?
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public class JoinTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ThreadBoy boy = new ThreadBoy(); boy.start(); } static class ThreadBoy extends Thread{ @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街" ); ThreadGirl girl = new ThreadGirl(); girl.start(); int time = 2000 ; try { girl.join(time); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "男孩等了" + time + ", 不想再等了,去逛街了" ); } } static class ThreadGirl extends Thread{ @Override public void run() { int time = 5000 ; System.out.println( "女孩開(kāi)始化妝,男孩在等待。。。" ); try { Thread.sleep(time); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "女孩化妝完成!,耗時(shí)" + time); } } } |
這里僅僅把join方法換成了join(time)方法,描述改了點(diǎn),打印的結(jié)果是:
男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街
女孩開(kāi)始化妝,男孩在等待。。。
男孩等了2000, 不想再等了,去逛街了
女孩化妝完成!,耗時(shí)5000
男孩等了join(time)中的time時(shí)間,如果這個(gè)time時(shí)間到達(dá)之后,女孩所在的線程還沒(méi)執(zhí)行完,則不等待了,繼續(xù)執(zhí)行后面的邏輯,就是不等女孩了,自己去逛街。
由此看出,join方法是為了比較方便的實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)線程的同步執(zhí)行,線程1執(zhí)行,碰到線程2后,等待線程2執(zhí)行后,再繼續(xù)執(zhí)行線程1的執(zhí)行,加入的意思現(xiàn)在就比較形象化了。
以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/367fa66bf3f2