同事無意間提出了這個問題,親自實踐了兩種方法。當然肯定還會有更多更好的方法。
方法一
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import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; public class OrderedThread1 { static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger( 0 ); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Task task1 = new Task(count, 0 ); Task task2 = new Task(count, 1 ); Task task3 = new Task(count, 2 ); Thread thread1 = new Thread(task1); Thread thread2 = new Thread(task2); Thread thread3 = new Thread(task3); thread1.setDaemon( true ); thread2.setDaemon( true ); thread3.setDaemon( true ); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); thread3.start(); Thread.sleep( 1 * 1000 ); } } class Task implements Runnable { private AtomicInteger count; private int order; public Task(AtomicInteger count, int order) { this .count = count; this .order = order; } @Override public void run() { while ( true ) { if (count.get() % 3 == order) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " ===== " + order); count.incrementAndGet(); } } } } |
這種方法應該是比較常見的解決方案。利用原子遞增控制線程準入順序。
方法二
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public class OrderedThread2 { static Holder holder = new Holder(); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Task1 task1 = new Task1(holder, 0 ); Task1 task2 = new Task1(holder, 1 ); Task1 task3 = new Task1(holder, 2 ); Thread thread1 = new Thread(task1); Thread thread2 = new Thread(task2); Thread thread3 = new Thread(task3); thread1.setDaemon( true ); thread2.setDaemon( true ); thread3.setDaemon( true ); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); thread3.start(); Thread.sleep( 1 * 1000 ); } } class Task1 implements Runnable { Holder holder; int order; public Task1(Holder holder, int order) { this .holder = holder; this .order = order; } @Override public void run() { while ( true ) { if (holder.count % 3 == order) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " ===== " + order); holder.count ++; } } // int i = 0; // while(i ++ < 10000){ // holder.count ++; // } } } class Holder { volatile int count = 0 ; } |
方法二使用了volatile關鍵字。讓每個線程都能拿到最新的count的值,當其中一個線程執行++操作后,其他兩個線程就會拿到最新的值,并檢查是否符合準入條件。
ps:volatile不是線程安全的。而且兩者沒有任何關系。volatile變量不在用戶線程保存副本,因此對所有線程都能提供最新的值。但試想,如果多個線程同時并發更新這個變量,其結果也是顯而易見的,最后一次的更新會覆蓋前面所有更新,導致線程不安全。在方法二中,一次只有一個線程滿足準入條件,因此不存在對變量的并發更新。volatile的值是最新的與線程安全完全是不相干的,所以不要誤用volatile實現并發控制。
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原文鏈接:https://my.oschina.net/u/2333484/blog/861067