基本結構
我們先來看一段最基本的代碼,分析這段代碼在RxJava中是如何實現的。
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Observable.OnSubscribe<String> onSubscriber1 = new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() { @Override public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) { subscriber.onNext( "1" ); subscriber.onCompleted(); } }; Subscriber<String> subscriber1 = new Subscriber<String>() { @Override public void onCompleted() { } @Override public void onError(Throwable e) { } @Override public void onNext(String s) { } }; Observable.create(onSubscriber1) .subscribe(subscriber1); |
首先我們來看一下Observable.create的代碼
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public final static <T> Observable<T> create(OnSubscribe<T> f) { return new Observable<T>(hook.onCreate(f)); } protected Observable(OnSubscribe<T> f) { this .onSubscribe = f; } |
直接就是調用了Observable的構造函數來創建一個新的Observable對象,這個對象我們暫時標記為observable1,以便后面追溯。
同時,會將我們傳入的OnSubscribe對象onSubscribe1保存在observable1的onSubscribe屬性中,這個屬性在后面的上下文中很重要,大家留心一下。
接下來我們來看看subscribe方法。
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public final Subscription subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber) { return Observable.subscribe(subscriber, this ); } private static <T> Subscription subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, Observable<T> observable) { ... subscriber.onStart(); hook.onSubscribeStart(observable, observable.onSubscribe).call(subscriber); return hook.onSubscribeReturn(subscriber); } |
可以看到,subscribe之后,就直接調用了observable1.onSubscribe.call方法,也就是我們代碼中的onSubscribe1對象的call方法
,傳入的參數就是我們代碼中定義的subscriber1對象。call方法中所做的事情就是調用傳入的subscriber1對象的onNext和onComplete方法。
這樣就實現了觀察者和被觀察者之間的通訊,是不是很簡單?
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public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) { subscriber.onNext( "1" ); subscriber.onCompleted(); } |
RxJava使用場景小結
1.取數據先檢查緩存的場景
取數據,首先檢查內存是否有緩存
然后檢查文件緩存中是否有
最后才從網絡中取
前面任何一個條件滿足,就不會執行后面的
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final Observable<String> memory = Observable.create( new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() { @Override public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) { if (memoryCache != null ) { subscriber.onNext(memoryCache); } else { subscriber.onCompleted(); } } }); Observable<String> disk = Observable.create( new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() { @Override public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) { String cachePref = rxPreferences.getString( "cache" ).get(); if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(cachePref)) { subscriber.onNext(cachePref); } else { subscriber.onCompleted(); } } }); Observable<String> network = Observable.just( "network" ); //主要就是靠concat operator來實現 Observable.concat(memory, disk, network) .first() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()) .subscribe(s -> { memoryCache = "memory" ; System.out.println( "--------------subscribe: " + s); }); |
2.界面需要等到多個接口并發取完數據,再更新
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//拼接兩個Observable的輸出,不保證順序,按照事件產生的順序發送給訂閱者 private void testMerge() { Observable<String> observable1 = DemoUtils.createObservable1().subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()); Observable<String> observable2 = DemoUtils.createObservable2().subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()); Observable.merge(observable1, observable2) .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()) .subscribe(System.out::println); } |
3.一個接口的請求依賴另一個API請求返回的數據
舉個例子,我們經常在需要登陸之后,根據拿到的token去獲取消息列表。
這里用RxJava主要解決嵌套回調的問題,有一個專有名詞叫Callback hell
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NetworkService.getToken( "username" , "password" ) .flatMap(s -> NetworkService.getMessage(s)) .subscribe(s -> { System.out.println( "message: " + s); }); |
4.界面按鈕需要防止連續點擊的情況
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RxView.clicks(findViewById(R.id.btn_throttle)) .throttleFirst( 1 , TimeUnit.SECONDS) .subscribe(aVoid -> { System.out.println( "click" ); }); |
5.響應式的界面
比如勾選了某個checkbox,自動更新對應的preference
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SharedPreferences preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences( this ); RxSharedPreferences rxPreferences = RxSharedPreferences.create(preferences); Preference<Boolean> checked = rxPreferences.getBoolean( "checked" , true ); CheckBox checkBox = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb_test); RxCompoundButton.checkedChanges(checkBox) .subscribe(checked.asAction()); |
6.復雜的數據變換
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Observable.just( "1" , "2" , "2" , "3" , "4" , "5" ) .map(Integer::parseInt) .filter(s -> s > 1 ) .distinct() .take( 3 ) .reduce((integer, integer2) -> integer.intValue() + integer2.intValue()) .subscribe(System.out::println); //9 |