前言
最近手頭一臺運行在 Hyper-V 下面抓數(shù)據(jù)的服務(wù)器 (Ubuntu 16.04) 磁盤空間不夠了，之前也沒有把數(shù)據(jù)單獨放到一個分區(qū)，所以只能想辦法把根目錄給搞大一點。之前沒有處理過這樣的問題，網(wǎng)上搜了很多資料，現(xiàn)在把拓展方法記錄，分享出來。
建議在操作之前做好備份工作
步驟概覽
- 調(diào)大物理磁盤
- 確定要操作的磁盤
- 擴展 LVM 邏輯分區(qū)所在的物理拓展分區(qū)
- 新增 LVM 邏輯分區(qū)
- 新分區(qū)合并到相應 Volumn Group
- 更新文件系統(tǒng)
調(diào)大物理磁盤
虛擬機關(guān)機，然后直接在虛擬機管理里面操作。
現(xiàn)在把磁盤從 100G 調(diào)整到了 300G
確定要操作的磁盤
先看下磁盤使用情況，運行命令
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root@vm003:~# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onudev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /devtmpfs 798M 8.6M 789M 2% /run/dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root 94G 88G 1.9G 98% /tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/locktmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 472M 382M 66M 86% /boottmpfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/lxcfs/controllerstmpfs 798M 0 798M 0% /run/user/0 |
雖然我們已經(jīng)把物理磁盤調(diào)整到了 300G，但是根目錄還是100G的樣子，已用 98%
運行命令
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root@vm003:~# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0xa88f1366Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type/dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux/dev/sda2 1001470 209713151 208711682 99.5G 5 Extended/dev/sda5 1001472 209713151 208711680 99.5G 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.Disk /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root: 95.5 GiB, 102563315712 bytes, 200318976 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-swap_1: 4 GiB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes |
可以看到 /dev/sda 已經(jīng)確實被調(diào)整到了300GiB，只是系統(tǒng)還沒用到。
也知道了我們要操作 /dev/sda
擴大 LVM 邏輯分區(qū)所在的物理分區(qū)
運行命令
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root@vm003:~# parted /dev/sdaGNU Parted 3.2Using /dev/sdaWelcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.(parted) print # 查看分區(qū)Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)Disk /dev/sda: 322GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096BPartition Table: msdosDisk Flags:Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 512MB 511MB primary ext2 boot 2 513MB 107GB 107GB extended 5 513MB 107GB 107GB logical lvm(parted) resizepart 2 # 調(diào)整 sda2 分區(qū)大小End? [107GB]? -0 # 直接充滿(parted) print # 再次查看Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)Disk /dev/sda: 322GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096BPartition Table: msdosDisk Flags:Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 512MB 511MB primary ext2 boot 2 513MB 322GB 322GB extended 5 513MB 107GB 107GB logical lvm(parted) q # 完成退出Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab. |
現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)把 /dev/sda2 給拓展出來了
新增 LVM 邏輯分區(qū)
運行命令
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root@vm003:~# fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Command (m for help): p # 查看現(xiàn)在的分區(qū)情況Disk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0xa88f1366Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type/dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux/dev/sda2 1001470 629145599 628144130 299.5G 5 Extended/dev/sda5 1001472 209713151 208711680 99.5G 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.Command (m for help): n # 新增分區(qū)，選擇邏輯分區(qū)，起止點看情況輸入，默認值是填充滿整個磁盤All space for primary partitions is in use.Adding logical partition 6First sector (209715200-629145599, default 209715200):Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (209715200-629145599, default 629145599):Created a new partition 6 of type 'Linux' and of size 200 GiB.Command (m for help): p # 查看新增的分區(qū)Disk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0xa88f1366Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type/dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux/dev/sda2 1001470 629145599 628144130 299.5G 5 Extended/dev/sda5 1001472 209713151 208711680 99.5G 8e Linux LVM/dev/sda6 209715200 629145599 419430400 200G 83 LinuxPartition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.Command (m for help): t # 改變分區(qū)類型為 Linux LVMPartition number (1,2,5,6, default 6): 6 # sda6Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e # LVM 類型的 Id 代碼Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.Command (m for help): p # 再次查看分區(qū)情況Disk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0xa88f1366Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type/dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux/dev/sda2 1001470 629145599 628144130 299.5G 5 Extended/dev/sda5 1001472 209713151 208711680 99.5G 8e Linux LVM/dev/sda6 209715200 629145599 419430400 200G 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.Command (m for help): wq # 確認沒有問題，保存退出The partition table has been altered.Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busyThe kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8). |
新分區(qū)合并到相應 Volumn Group
運行命令
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root@vm003:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name Ubuntu System ID Format lvm2 |
可以看出我們要操作的VG Name 為 Ubuntu，記錄下來。
接著運行命令
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root@vm003:~# vgextend Ubuntu /dev/sda6 # /dev/sda6 是剛剛增加的 LVM 分區(qū) Device /dev/sda6 not found (or ignored by filtering). Unable to add physical volume '/dev/sda6' to volume group 'Ubuntu'. |
呃，，，提示沒有找到 /dev/sda6 這個設(shè)備，還是重啟一下好了。
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root@vm003:~# reboot |
重啟后再次執(zhí)行
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root@vm003:~# vgextend Ubuntu /dev/sda6 # /dev/sda6 是剛剛增加的 LVM 分區(qū) Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created Volume group "Ubuntu" successfully extended |
再查看一下 Volumn Group 的狀態(tài)，運行命令
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root@vm003:~# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree Ubuntu 2 2 0 wz--n- 299.52g 200.00g |
確實加進去了。
然后運行
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root@vm003:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/Ubuntu/root LV Name root VG Name Ubuntu |
我們知道了 Ubuntu VG 的 LV Path 是 /dev/Ubuntu/root，記錄下來。
然后運行
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root@vm003:~# lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/Ubuntu/root # /dev/Ubuntu/root 是 LV Path Size of logical volume Ubuntu/root changed from 95.52 GiB (24453 extents) to 295.52 GiB (75652 extents). Logical volume root successfully resized. |
這就成功啦。
警告： 如果操作時出現(xiàn)下面這樣的 warning，就說明現(xiàn)在 logic volumn 的總大小還不對，resize 不但不增加空間，反而在縮小空間，如果繼續(xù)操作下去，必將丟失數(shù)據(jù)。應立即停止！按 n 取消。
WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 32.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce root? [y/n]*
更新文件系統(tǒng)
最后一步，運行命令
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root@vm003:~# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root # /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root 是從 df 命令看到的文件系統(tǒng)信息resize2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)Filesystem at /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root is mounted on /; on-line resizing requiredold_desc_blocks = 6, new_desc_blocks = 19The filesystem on /dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root is now 77467648 (4k) blocks long. |
這個過程可能會花幾分鐘時間，耐心等待就好了。
然后運行 df 命令查看磁盤使用
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root@vm003:~# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onudev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /devtmpfs 798M 8.6M 789M 2% /run/dev/mapper/Ubuntu-root 291G 88G 191G 32% /tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/locktmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 472M 382M 66M 86% /boottmpfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/lxcfs/controllerstmpfs 798M 0 798M 0% /run/user/0 |
大功告成！
參考：
http://www.jfrwli.cn/article/230466.html
總結(jié)
以上就是這篇文章的全部內(nèi)容了，希望本文的內(nèi)容對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值，如果有疑問大家可以留言交流，謝謝大家對服務(wù)器之家的支持。
原文鏈接：https://juejin.im/post/5aed09c46fb9a07a9f016dd9
