httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求
在我們程序員生涯中，經常要復用代碼，所以我們應該養成時常整理代碼的好習慣，以下是我之前封裝的
httpclient的post和get請求所用的代碼
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package com.marco.common; import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.URI;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.StatusLine;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.apache.log4j.Logger; /** * @author 馬弦 * @date 2017年10月23日 下午2:49 * HttpClient工具類 */public class HttpUtil { private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUtil.class); /** * get請求 * @return */ public static String doGet(String url) { try { HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); //發送get請求 HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url); HttpResponse response = client.execute(request); /**請求發送成功，并得到響應**/ if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { /**讀取服務器返回過來的json字符串數據**/ String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); return strResult; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * post請求(用于key-value格式的參數) * @param url * @param params * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, Map params){ BufferedReader in = null; try { // 定義HttpClient HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); // 實例化HTTP方法 HttpPost request = new HttpPost(); request.setURI(new URI(url)); //設置參數 List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for (Iterator iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { String name = (String) iter.next(); String value = String.valueOf(params.get(name)); nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value)); //System.out.println(name +"-"+value); } request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,HTTP.UTF_8)); HttpResponse response = client.execute(request); int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if(code == 200){ //請求成功 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity() .getContent(),"utf-8")); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(""); String line = ""; String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator"); while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line + NL); } in.close(); return sb.toString(); } else{ // System.out.println("狀態碼：" + code); return null; } } catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } /** * post請求（用于請求json格式的參數） * @param url * @param params * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception { CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 創建httpPost httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json"); httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); String charSet = "UTF-8"; StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine(); int state = status.getStatusCode(); if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity(); String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity); return jsonString; } else{ logger.error("請求返回:"+state+"("+url+")"); } } finally { if (response != null) { try { response.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } try { httpclient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return null; } } |
httpclient是一個非常常用的工具，在項目開發的時候，經常需要請求第三方的接口，我整理好了這段代碼，以后回頭找的時候就方便啦！
HttpClient發送Get、Post請求的實踐
1. 配置及實例化HttpClient
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private static final CloseableHttpClient httpclient; public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8"; static{ RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setSocketTimeout(3000).build(); httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build(); } |
2. 發送Get請求方法
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/** * HTTP Get 獲取內容 * @param url請求的url地址 ?之前的地址 * @param params請求的參數 * @param charset編碼格式 * @return 頁面內容 */ public static String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException{ if(params !=null && !params.isEmpty()){ List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size()); for (String key :params.keySet()){ pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString())); } url +="?"+EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs), CHARSET); } HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet); int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if(statusCode !=200){ httpGet.abort(); throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode); } HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = null; if (entity != null) { result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"); EntityUtils.consume(entity); response.close(); return result; }else{ return null; } } |
3. 發送Post請求方法
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/** * HTTP Post 獲取內容 * @param url請求的url地址 ?之前的地址 * @param params請求的參數 * @param charset編碼格式 * @return 頁面內容 * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { List<NameValuePair> pairs = null; if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) { pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size()); for (String key : params.keySet()) { pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString())); } } HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) { httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET)); } CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode != 200) { httpPost.abort(); throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode); } HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = null; if (entity != null) { result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"); EntityUtils.consume(entity); response.close(); return result; }else{ return null; }} |
4. 編寫測試用例，進行Get 、Post請求方法的測試
4.1 測試Get方法，e .g：
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@Testpublic void testGet() throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException { String testUrl01 = "具體的測試接口地址"; Map<String, Object> params01 = new HashMap<>(); params01.put("參數01", "對應的參數取值"); params01.put("參數02", "對應的參數取值"); System.out.println(sendGet(testUrl01, params01)); } |
4.2 測試Post方法，e.g：
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@Test public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { String testUrl02 = "具體的測試接口地址"; Map<String, Object> params02 = new HashMap<>(); params02.put("參數01", "對應的參數取值"); params02.put("參數02", "對應的參數取值"); System.out.println(sendPost(testUrl02, params02)); } |
以上為個人經驗，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq9808/article/details/78320816
