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Prometheus 做Post 接口請(qǐng)求監(jiān)控

運(yùn)維過程中，很多時(shí)候，業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用會(huì)出現(xiàn)假死的情況，應(yīng)用進(jìn)程正常，但是無法提供服務(wù)，此時(shí)監(jiān)控進(jìn)程沒有任何意義，就需要監(jiān)控接口

接口監(jiān)控的方法很多，可以用鏈路監(jiān)控，可以寫腳本進(jìn)行監(jiān)控

由于監(jiān)控整體采用的是prometheus，所以這里就直接用blackbox_exporter來做接口的監(jiān)控

blackbox_exporter可以通過http、https、dns、tcp、ICMP對(duì)target進(jìn)行探測(cè)，dns、tcp、ICMP都相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，我這邊主要是要監(jiān)控一個(gè)登錄接口，所以要用https來進(jìn)行探測(cè)，具體配置方法如下

部署blockbox_exporter

# 創(chuàng)建blackbox_exporter的目錄
cd /usr/local/blackbox_exporter
# 下載blackbox_exporter的包
wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.19.0/blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
# 解壓
tar -zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
# 重命名
mv blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz blackbox_exporter

用systemd管理blackbox_exporter

cat > /etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Blackbox Exporter
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
EOF

對(duì)于blackbox_exporter管理的話，還有很多方法，你可以直接nohup后臺(tái)啟動(dòng)，也可以通過supervisor進(jìn)行啟動(dòng)，我習(xí)慣用systemd進(jìn)行管理

然后添加開機(jī)自啟動(dòng)

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable blackbox_exporter
systemctl start blackbox_exporter

因?yàn)闆]指定日志輸出，所以是輸出到message日志中

默認(rèn)帶的blacbox.yml只是個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)單配置，不能滿足需求，所以配置blackbox.yml中，添加一個(gè)模塊

modules:
xhj_login: # 模塊名稱,prometheus配置文件中要匹配
prober: http # 協(xié)議
timeout: 30s # 超時(shí)時(shí)間
http: # 模塊的采集協(xié)議
method: POST # http請(qǐng)求的方法
preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" # 使用的ipv4協(xié)議
headers: # 配置post請(qǐng)求的header頭
Content-Type: application/json
body: ''{"mobile": "13572801829", "password": "ZWB123wyl"}'' # post請(qǐng)求參數(shù)

配置完成后，保存blackbox.yml，啟動(dòng)blackbox_exporter

systemctl start blackbox_exporter
systemctl status blackbox_exporter
● blackbox_exporter.service - Blackbox Exporter
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-01-04 21:33:28 CST; 6s ago
Main PID: 24679 (blackbox_export)
Tasks: 7
Memory: 1.9M
CGroup: /system.slice/blackbox_exporter.service
└─24679 /data/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/data/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter/blackbox....
Jan 04 21:33:28 systemd[1]: Started Blackbox Exporter.
Jan 04 21:33:28 blackbox_exporter[24679]: level=info ts=2022-01-04T13:33:28.173Z caller=main.go:224 msg="Starting blackbox_exporter" version="(v...33d1ed0)"
Jan 04 21:33:28 blackbox_exporter[24679]: level=info ts=2022-01-04T13:33:28.173Z caller=main.go:225 build_context="(go=go1.16.4, user=root@2b025...2:56:44)"
Jan 04 21:33:28 blackbox_exporter[24679]: level=info ts=2022-01-04T13:33:28.173Z caller=main.go:237 msg="Loaded config file"
Jan 04 21:33:28 blackbox_exporter[24679]: level=info ts=2022-01-04T13:33:28.174Z caller=main.go:385 msg="Listening on address" address=:9115
Jan 04 21:33:28 blackbox_exporter[24679]: level=info ts=2022-01-04T13:33:28.174Z caller=tls_config.go:191 msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

配置prometheus

# blackbox
- job_name: "blackbox"
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [xhj_login]
static_configs:
- targets:
- https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- source_labels: [_param_target]
target_label: instance
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 172.17.0.1:9115
……省略
……省略

配置完成后，保存，熱加載prometheus配置文件

curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reload

加載完成后，通過prometheus的UI查看下targets

Prometheus 做Post 接口請(qǐng)求監(jiān)控

此時(shí)其實(shí)可以通過被請(qǐng)求端的日志就可以看到blackbox_exporter發(fā)起的請(qǐng)求了，我們也可以通過curl請(qǐng)求blackbox_exporter來進(jìn)行查看

# 注意這里用&符號(hào)鏈接多個(gè)參數(shù)，需要轉(zhuǎn)義
curl http://172.17.0.1:9115/probe?target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password\&module=xhj_login\&debug=true
# 查看返回結(jié)果
Logs for the probe:
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:32.979231489Z caller=main.go:320 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Beginning probe" probe=http timeout_seconds=30
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:32.979411891Z caller=http.go:335 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Resolving target address" ip_protocol=ip4
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:32.986112778Z caller=http.go:335 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Resolved target address" ip=1.1.1.1
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:32.986225541Z caller=client.go:251 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Making HTTP request" url=https://1.1.1.1/api/pc/user/login/password host=xxx.aaa.com
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:33.05701057Z caller=main.go:130 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Received HTTP response" status_code=200
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:33.057095911Z caller=main.go:130 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Response timings for roundtrip" roundtrip=0 start=2022-01-04T22:10:32.986352765+08:00 dnsDone=2022-01-04T22:10:32.986352765+08:00 connectDone=2022-01-04T22:10:32.992658409+08:00 gotConn=2022-01-04T22:10:33.038333687+08:00 responseStart=2022-01-04T22:10:33.056951457+08:00 tlsStart=2022-01-04T22:10:32.992701614+08:00 tlsDone=2022-01-04T22:10:33.038235019+08:00 end=2022-01-04T22:10:33.057074505+08:00
ts=2022-01-04T14:10:33.057187486Z caller=main.go:320 module=xhj_login target=https://xxx.aaa.com/api/pc/user/login/password level=info msg="Probe succeeded" duration_seconds=0.077883376