在使用springsecurity中，大伙都知道默認的登錄數據是通過key/value的形式來傳遞的，默認情況下不支持json格式的登錄數據，如果有這種需求，就需要自己來解決，本文主要和小伙伴來聊聊這個話題。
基本登錄方案
在說如何使用json登錄之前，我們還是先來看看基本的登錄吧，本文為了簡單，springsecurity在使用中就不連接數據庫了，直接在內存中配置用戶名和密碼，具體操作步驟如下：
創建spring boot工程
首先創建springboot工程，添加springsecurity依賴，如下：
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<dependency> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactid></dependency><dependency> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid></dependency> |
添加security配置
創建securityconfig，完成springsecurity的配置，如下：
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@configurationpublic class securityconfig extends websecurityconfigureradapter { @bean passwordencoder passwordencoder() { return new bcryptpasswordencoder(); } @override protected void configure(authenticationmanagerbuilder auth) throws exception { auth.inmemoryauthentication().withuser("zhangsan").password("$2a$10$2o4ewlrrfpebotfdotc0f.rpumk.3q3kvbhrx7xxkumlbgjoobs8q").roles("user"); } @override public void configure(websecurity web) throws exception { } @override protected void configure(httpsecurity http) throws exception { http.authorizerequests() .anyrequest().authenticated() .and() .formlogin() .loginprocessingurl("/dologin") .successhandler(new authenticationsuccesshandler() { @override public void onauthenticationsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception { respbean ok = respbean.ok("登錄成功！",authentication.getprincipal()); resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(ok)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }) .failurehandler(new authenticationfailurehandler() { @override public void onauthenticationfailure(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authenticationexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception { respbean error = respbean.error("登錄失敗"); resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(error)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }) .loginpage("/login") .permitall() .and() .logout() .logouturl("/logout") .logoutsuccesshandler(new logoutsuccesshandler() { @override public void onlogoutsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception { respbean ok = respbean.ok("注銷成功！"); resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(ok)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }) .permitall() .and() .csrf() .disable() .exceptionhandling() .accessdeniedhandler(new accessdeniedhandler() { @override public void handle(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, accessdeniedexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception { respbean error = respbean.error("權限不足，訪問失敗"); resp.setstatus(403); resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(error)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }); }} |
這里的配置雖然有點長，但是很基礎，配置含義也比較清晰，首先提供bcryptpasswordencoder作為passwordencoder，可以實現對密碼的自動加密加鹽，非常方便，然后提供了一個名為zhangsan的用戶，密碼是123，角色是user，最后配置登錄邏輯，所有的請求都需要登錄后才能訪問，登錄接口是/dologin，用戶名的key是username，密碼的key是password，同時配置登錄成功、登錄失敗以及注銷成功、權限不足時都給用戶返回json提示，另外，這里雖然配置了登錄頁面為/login，實際上這不是一個頁面，而是一段json，在logincontroller中提供該接口，如下：
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@restcontroller@responsebodypublic class logincontroller { @getmapping("/login") public respbean login() { return respbean.error("尚未登錄，請登錄"); } @getmapping("/hello") public string hello() { return "hello"; }} |
這里/login只是一個json提示，而不是頁面， /hello則是一個測試接口。
ok，做完上述步驟就可以開始測試了，運行springboot項目，訪問/hello接口，結果如下：
此時先調用登錄接口進行登錄，如下：
登錄成功后，再去訪問/hello接口就可以成功訪問了。
使用json登錄
上面演示的是一種原始的登錄方案，如果想將用戶名密碼通過json的方式進行傳遞，則需要自定義相關過濾器，通過分析源碼我們發現，默認的用戶名密碼提取在usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter過濾器中，部分源碼如下：
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public class usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter extends abstractauthenticationprocessingfilter { public static final string spring_security_form_username_key = "username"; public static final string spring_security_form_password_key = "password"; private string usernameparameter = spring_security_form_username_key; private string passwordparameter = spring_security_form_password_key; private boolean postonly = true; public usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter() { super(new antpathrequestmatcher("/login", "post")); } public authentication attemptauthentication(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws authenticationexception { if (postonly && !request.getmethod().equals("post")) { throw new authenticationserviceexception( "authentication method not supported: " + request.getmethod()); } string username = obtainusername(request); string password = obtainpassword(request); if (username == null) { username = ""; } if (password == null) { password = ""; } username = username.trim(); usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken( username, password); // allow subclasses to set the "details" property setdetails(request, authrequest); return this.getauthenticationmanager().authenticate(authrequest); } protected string obtainpassword(httpservletrequest request) { return request.getparameter(passwordparameter); } protected string obtainusername(httpservletrequest request) { return request.getparameter(usernameparameter); } //... //...} |
從這里可以看到，默認的用戶名/密碼提取就是通過request中的getparameter來提取的，如果想使用json傳遞用戶名密碼，只需要將這個過濾器替換掉即可，自定義過濾器如下：
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public class customauthenticationfilter extends usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter { @override public authentication attemptauthentication(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws authenticationexception { if (request.getcontenttype().equals(mediatype.application_json_utf8_value) || request.getcontenttype().equals(mediatype.application_json_value)) { objectmapper mapper = new objectmapper(); usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken authrequest = null; try (inputstream is = request.getinputstream()) { map<string,string> authenticationbean = mapper.readvalue(is, map.class); authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken( authenticationbean.get("username"), authenticationbean.get("password")); } catch (ioexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken( "", ""); } finally { setdetails(request, authrequest); return this.getauthenticationmanager().authenticate(authrequest); } } else { return super.attemptauthentication(request, response); } }} |
這里只是將用戶名/密碼的獲取方案重新修正下，改為了從json中獲取用戶名密碼，然后在securityconfig中作出如下修改：
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@overrideprotected void configure(httpsecurity http) throws exception { http.authorizerequests().anyrequest().authenticated() .and() .formlogin() .and().csrf().disable(); http.addfilterat(customauthenticationfilter(), usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter.class);}@beancustomauthenticationfilter customauthenticationfilter() throws exception { customauthenticationfilter filter = new customauthenticationfilter(); filter.setauthenticationsuccesshandler(new authenticationsuccesshandler() { @override public void onauthenticationsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception { resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); respbean respbean = respbean.ok("登錄成功!"); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(respbean)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }); filter.setauthenticationfailurehandler(new authenticationfailurehandler() { @override public void onauthenticationfailure(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authenticationexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception { resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = resp.getwriter(); respbean respbean = respbean.error("登錄失敗!"); out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(respbean)); out.flush(); out.close(); } }); filter.setauthenticationmanager(authenticationmanagerbean()); return filter;} |
將自定義的customauthenticationfilter類加入進來即可，接下來就可以使用json進行登錄了，如下：
好了，本文就先介紹到這里，有問題歡迎留言討論。 希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000018157525
