Redis是一個(gè)緩存消息中間件及具有豐富特性的鍵值存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)。Spring Boot為Jedis客戶端庫和由Spring Data Redis提供的基于Jedis客戶端的抽象提供自動(dòng)配置。spring-boot-starter-redis'Starter POM'為收集依賴提供一種便利的方式。
引入spring-boot-starter-redis，在pom.xml配置文件中增加配置如下（基于之前章節(jié)“Spring Boot 構(gòu)建框架”中的pom.xml文件）：
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<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId> </dependency> |
可以注入一個(gè)自動(dòng)配置的RedisConnectionFactory，StringRedisTemplate或普通的跟其他Spring Bean相同的RedisTemplate實(shí)例。默認(rèn)情況下，這個(gè)實(shí)例將嘗試使用localhost:6379連接Redis服務(wù)器。
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@Componentpublic class MyBean { private StringRedisTemplate template; @Autowired public MyBean(StringRedisTemplate template) { this.template = template; } // ...} |
如果添加一個(gè)自己的任何自動(dòng)配置類型的@Bean，它將替換默認(rèn)的（除了RedisTemplate的情況，它是根據(jù)bean的名稱'redisTemplate'而不是它的類型進(jìn)行排除的）。如果在classpath路徑下存在commons-pool2，默認(rèn)會(huì)獲得一個(gè)連接池工廠。
應(yīng)用使用Redis案例
添加配置文件，配置內(nèi)容如下：
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# REDIS (RedisProperties)# Redis服務(wù)器地址spring.redis.host=192.168.0.58# Redis服務(wù)器連接端口spring.redis.port=6379# 連接超時(shí)時(shí)間（毫秒）spring.redis.timeout=0 |
redis配置類，具體代碼如下：
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import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis") public class RedisConn { private String host; private int port; private int timeout; public String getHost() { return host; } public void setHost(String host) { this.host = host; } public int getPort() { return port; } public void setPort(int port) { this.port = port; } public int getTimeout() { return timeout; } public void setTimeout(int timeout) { this.timeout = timeout; } @Override public String toString() { return "Redis [localhost=" + host + ", port=" + port + ", timeout=" + timeout + "]"; } } |
注意：在RedisConn類中注解@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.Redis")的作用是讀取springboot的默認(rèn)配置文件信息中以spring.redis開頭的信息。
配置cache類
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import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.cachemodle.RedisConn; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; /** * * @author sandsa redis cache service * */ @Configuration@EnableCachingpublic class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport { @Autowired private RedisConn redisConn; /** * 生產(chǎn)key的策略 * * @return */ @Bean @Override public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() { return new KeyGenerator() { @Override public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(target.getClass().getName()); sb.append(method.getName()); for (Object obj : params) { sb.append(obj.toString()); } return sb.toString(); } }; } /** * 管理緩存 * * @param redisTemplate * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") @Bean public CacheManager CacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) { RedisCacheManager rcm = new RedisCacheManager(redisTemplate); // 設(shè)置cache過期時(shí)間,時(shí)間單位是秒 rcm.setDefaultExpiration(60); Map<String, Long> map = new HashMap<String, Long>(); map.put("test", 60L); rcm.setExpires(map); return rcm; } /** * redis 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 * @return */ @Bean public JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() { JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory(); factory.setHostName(redisConn.getHost()); factory.setPort(redisConn.getPort()); factory.setTimeout(redisConn.getTimeout()); // 設(shè)置連接超時(shí)時(shí)間 return factory; } /** * redisTemplate配置 * * @param factory * @return */ @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" }) @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) { StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate(factory); Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class); ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.afterPropertiesSet(); return template; } } |
分析：緩存類繼承的是CachingConfigurerSupport，它把讀取的配置文件信息的RedisConn類對(duì)象注入到這個(gè)類中。在這個(gè)類中keyGenerator()方法是key的生成策略，CacheManager()方法是緩存管理策略，redisConnectionFactory()是redis連接，redisTemplate()方法是redisTemplate配置信息，配置后使redis中能存儲(chǔ)Java對(duì)象。
測(cè)試配置是否成功，實(shí)例：
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@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@SpringApplicationConfiguration(Application.class)public class TestRedis { @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; // 處理字符串 @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; // 處理對(duì)象 @Test public void test() throws Exception { stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("yoodb", "123"); Assert.assertEquals("123", stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("yoodb")); }} |
簡單封裝的Redis工具類，代碼如下：
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import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Componentpublic class RedisUtils { @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; /** * 批量刪除對(duì)應(yīng)的value * * @param keys */ public void remove(final String... keys) { for (String key : keys) { remove(key); } } /** * 批量刪除key * * @param pattern */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void removePattern(final String pattern) { Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern); if (keys.size() > 0) redisTemplate.delete(keys); } /** * 刪除對(duì)應(yīng)的value * * @param key */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void remove(final String key) { if (exists(key)) { redisTemplate.delete(key); } } /** * 判斷緩存中是否有對(duì)應(yīng)的value * * @param key * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public boolean exists(final String key) { return redisTemplate.hasKey(key); } /** * 讀取緩存 * * @param key * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Object get(final String key) { Object result = null; ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); result = operations.get(key); return result; } /** * 寫入緩存 * * @param key * @param value * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public boolean set(final String key, Object value) { boolean result = false; try { ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); operations.set(key, value); result = true; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } /** * 寫入緩存 * * @param key * @param value * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public boolean set(final String key, Object value, Long expireTime) { boolean result = false; try { ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); operations.set(key, value); redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS); result = true; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } } |
查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)自動(dòng)使用緩存，根據(jù)方法生成緩存，參考代碼如下：
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@Servicepublic class UserService { @Cacheable(value = "redis-key") public UserInfo getUserInfo(Long id, String sex, int age, String name) { System.out.println("無緩存時(shí)調(diào)用----數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢"); return new UserInfo(id, sex, age, name); }} |
注意：value的值就是緩存到redis中的key，此key是需要自己在進(jìn)行增加緩存信息時(shí)定義的key，用于標(biāo)識(shí)唯一性的。
Session 共享
分布式系統(tǒng)中session共享有很多不錯(cuò)的解決方案，其中托管到緩存中是比較常見的方案之一，下面利用Session-spring-session-data-redis實(shí)現(xiàn)session共享。
引入依賴，在pom.xml配置文件中增加如下內(nèi)容：
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<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId> <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId></dependency> |
Session配置，具體代碼如下：
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@Configuration@EnableRedisHttpSession(maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 86400*30)public class SessionConfig {} |
maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds: 設(shè)置Session失效時(shí)間，使用Redis Session之后，原Spring Boot的server.session.timeout屬性不再生效。
測(cè)試實(shí)例，具體代碼如下：
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@RequestMapping("uid")String uid(HttpSession session) {UUID uid = (UUID) session.getAttribute("uid");if (uid == null) {uid = UUID.randomUUID();}session.setAttribute("uid", uid);return session.getId();} |
登錄redis服務(wù)端，輸入命令keys 'session*'，查看緩存是否成功。
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接：https://blog.yoodb.com/yoodb/article/detail/1421
