本文實(shí)例為大家分享了java二叉查找樹的具體代碼,供大家參考,具體內(nèi)容如下
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package 查找; import edu.princeton.cs.algs4.Queue; import edu.princeton.cs.algs4.StdOut; public class BST<Key extends Comparable<Key>, Value> { private class Node { private Key key; // 鍵 private Value value; // 值 private Node left, right; // 指向子樹的鏈接 private int n; // 以該節(jié)點(diǎn)為根的子樹中的節(jié)點(diǎn)總數(shù) public Node(Key key, Value val, int n) { this .key = key; this .value = val; this .n = n; } } private Node root; public int size() { return size(root); } private int size(Node x) { if (x == null ) return 0 ; else return x.n; } /** * 如果樹是空的,則查找未命中 如果被查找的鍵小于根節(jié)點(diǎn),則在左子樹中繼續(xù)查找 如果被查找的鍵大于根節(jié)點(diǎn),則在右子樹中繼續(xù)查找 * 如果被查找的鍵和根節(jié)點(diǎn)的鍵相等,查找命中 * * @param key * @return */ public Value get(Key key) { return get(root, key); } private Value get(Node x, Key key) { if (x == null ) return null ; int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp < 0 ) return get(x.left, key); else if (cmp > 0 ) return get(x.right, key); else return x.value; } /** * 二叉查找樹的一個(gè)很重要的特性就是插入的實(shí)現(xiàn)難度和查找差不多。 當(dāng)查找到一個(gè)不存在與樹中的節(jié)點(diǎn)(null)時(shí),new 新節(jié)點(diǎn),并將上一路徑指向該節(jié)點(diǎn) * * @param key * @param val */ public void put(Key key, Value val) { root = put(root, key, val); } private Node put(Node x, Key key, Value val) { if (x == null ) return new Node(key, val, 1 ); int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp < 0 ) x.left = put(x.left, key, val); else if (cmp > 0 ) x.right = put(x.right, key, val); else x.value = val; x.n = size(x.left) + size(x.right); // 要及時(shí)更新節(jié)點(diǎn)的子樹數(shù)量 return x; } public Key min() { return min(root).key; } private Node min(Node x) { if (x.left == null ) return x; return min(x.left); } public Key max() { return max(root).key; } private Node max(Node x) { if (x.right == null ) return x; return min(x.right); } /** * 向下取整:找出小于等于該鍵的最大鍵 * * @param key * @return */ public Key floor(Key key) { Node x = floor(root, key); if (x == null ) return null ; else return x.key; } /** * 如果給定的鍵key小于二叉查找樹的根節(jié)點(diǎn)的鍵,那么小于等于key的最大鍵一定出現(xiàn)在根節(jié)點(diǎn)的左子樹中 * 如果給定的鍵key大于二叉查找樹的根節(jié)點(diǎn),那么只有當(dāng)根節(jié)點(diǎn)右子樹中存在大于等于key的節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí), * 小于等于key的最大鍵才會(huì)出現(xiàn)在右子樹中,否則根節(jié)點(diǎn)就是小于等于key的最大鍵 * * @param x * @param key * @return */ private Node floor(Node x, Key key) { if (x == null ) return null ; int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp == 0 ) return x; else if (cmp < 0 ) return floor(x.left, key); else { Node t = floor(x.right, key); if (t == null ) return x; else return t; } } /** * 向上取整:找出大于等于該鍵的最小鍵 * * @param key * @return */ public Key ceiling(Key key) { Node x = ceiling(root, key); if (x == null ) return null ; else return x.key; } /** * 如果給定的鍵key大于二叉查找樹的根節(jié)點(diǎn)的鍵,那么大于等于key的最小鍵一定出現(xiàn)在根節(jié)點(diǎn)的右子樹中 * 如果給定的鍵key小于二叉查找樹的根節(jié)點(diǎn),那么只有當(dāng)根節(jié)點(diǎn)左子樹中存在大于等于key的節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí), * 大于等于key的最小鍵才會(huì)出現(xiàn)在左子樹中,否則根節(jié)點(diǎn)就是大于等于key的最小鍵 * * @param x * @param key * @return */ private Node ceiling(Node x, Key key) { if (x == null ) return null ; int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp == 0 ) return x; else if (cmp > 0 ) { return ceiling(x.right, key); } else { Node t = floor(x.left, key); if (t == null ) return x; else return t; } } /** * 選擇排名為k的節(jié)點(diǎn) * * @param k * @return */ public Key select( int k) { return select(root, k).key; } private Node select(Node x, int k) { if (x == null ) return null ; int t = size(x.left); if (t > k) return select(x.left, k); else if (t < k) return select(x.right, k - t - 1 ); // 根節(jié)點(diǎn)也要排除掉 else return x; } /** * 查找給定鍵值的排名 * * @param key * @return */ public int rank(Key key) { return rank(key, root); } private int rank(Key key, Node x) { if (x == null ) return 0 ; int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp < 0 ) return rank(key, x.left); else if (cmp > 0 ) return 1 + size(x.left) + rank(key, x.right); else return size(x.left); } /** * 刪除最小鍵值對(duì) */ public void deleteMin(){ root = deleteMin(root); } /** * 不斷深入根節(jié)點(diǎn)的左子樹直到遇見一個(gè)空鏈接,然后將指向該節(jié)點(diǎn)的鏈接指向該結(jié)點(diǎn)的右子樹 * 此時(shí)已經(jīng)沒有任何鏈接指向要被刪除的結(jié)點(diǎn),因此它會(huì)被垃圾收集器清理掉 * @param x * @return */ private Node deleteMin(Node x){ if (x.left == null ) return x.right; x.left = deleteMin(x.left); x.n = size(x.left)+size(x.right) + 1 ; return x; } public void deleteMax(){ root = deleteMax(root); } private Node deleteMax(Node x){ if (x.right == null ) return x.left; x.right = deleteMax(x.right); x.n = size(x.left)+size(x.right) + 1 ; return x; } public void delete(Key key){ root = delete(root,key); } private Node delete(Node x, Key key){ if (x == null ) return null ; int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key); if (cmp < 0 ) x.left = delete(x.left,key); else if (cmp > 0 ) x.right = delete(x.right,key); else { if (x.right == null ) return x.left; if (x.left == null ) return x.right; /** * 如果被刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)有兩個(gè)子樹,將被刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)暫記為t * 從t的右子樹中選取最小的節(jié)點(diǎn)x,將這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)x的左子樹設(shè)為t的左子樹 * 這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)x的右子樹設(shè)為t的右子樹中刪除了最小節(jié)點(diǎn)的子樹,這樣就成功替換了t的位置 */ Node t = x; x = min(t.right); x.left = t.left; x.right = deleteMin(t.right); } x.n = size(x.left) + size(x.right) + 1 ; return x; } public void print(){ print(root); } private void print(Node x){ if (x == null ) return ; print(x.left); StdOut.println(x.key); print(x.right); } public Iterable<Key> keys(){ return keys(min(),max()); } public Iterable<Key> keys(Key lo, Key hi){ Queue<Key> queue = new Queue<Key>(); keys(root, queue, lo, hi); return queue; } private void keys(Node x, Queue<Key> queue, Key lo, Key hi){ if (x == null ) return ; int cmplo = lo.compareTo(x.key); int cmphi = lo.compareTo(x.key); if (cmplo < 0 ) keys(x.left,queue,lo,hi); if (cmplo <= 0 && cmphi >= 0 ) queue.enqueue(x.key); if (cmphi > 0 ) keys(x.right,queue,lo,hi); } } |
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原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/evasean/p/7327278.html