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服務器之家 - 數據庫 - Mysql - CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

2020-09-07 20:36幕三少 Mysql

本文分步驟給大家介紹了CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0 的方法，非常不錯，具有一定的參考借鑒價值,需要的朋友可以參考下

第一步：獲取mysql YUM源

進入mysql官網獲取RPM包下載地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

點擊下載

CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

獲取到下載鏈接：

https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第二步：下載和安裝mysql源

?進入mysql文件夾，沒有的自行創建

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[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

?下載源安裝包

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

?安裝mysql源

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

第三步：在線安裝MySQL

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

下載東西比較多，等幾分鐘。

第四步：啟動Mysql服務

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

第五步：設置開機啟動

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload

第六步：修改root本地登錄密碼

mysql安裝完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中給root生成了一個臨時的默認密碼。用grep命令搜一下

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

這里有三條搜索結果，因為我重復裝了3次MySQL，如果第一次安裝是只會有一條的。

 直接拿到臨時默認密碼 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G

?登錄MySQL

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[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

?更改root賬戶臨時密碼

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mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>

Pwd123@easyoh.net 請替換成你自己的密碼。

(備注 mysql8.0默認密碼策略要求密碼必須是大小寫字母數字特殊字母的組合，至少8位)

第七步：創建新用戶、授權、遠程登錄（不要直接使用root賬戶登錄）

?創建easyoh-mp用戶并且授權遠程登錄

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mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>

?在sqlyog客戶端用easyoh-mp賬戶登錄（其他客戶端也可以，隨意）

CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

發現會報plugin caching_sha2_password錯誤。這是因為MySQL8.0密碼策略默認為caching_sha2_password。與5.7有所不同。

?進入MySQL數據庫查詢user表信息

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mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user  | host | plugin  |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| easyoh-mp | %  | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root  | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>

發現確實是caching_sha2_password

?依次執行下面語句

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mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>

再次登錄就可以登錄成功了。

第8步：編碼

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mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name  | Value    |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_filesystem | binary    |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_system | utf8    |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>

MySQL8.0默認就是utf8mb4編碼，無需更改。

OK 至此 Mysql安裝配置完畢；

全流程操作記錄

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[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]#
[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch
Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package       Arch     Version    Repository        Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql80-community-release    noarch    el7-1     /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch    31 k
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 31 k
Installed size: 31 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
 Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                   1/1
 Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                   1/1
Installed:
 mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1                    
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel                         12641/12641
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package       Arch     Version      Repository      Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     349 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     26 M
 mysql-community-common     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     541 k
 mysql-community-libs     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     2.2 M
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 377 M
Installed size: 1.7 G
Downloading packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 541 kB 00:00:05
(2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 26 MB 00:00:12
(3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 349 MB 00:02:26
(4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 2.2 MB 00:03:37
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                      1.7 MB/s | 377 MB 00:03:43
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
 Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   1/4
 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   2/4
 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   3/4
 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   4/4
 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   1/4
 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   2/4
 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   3/4
 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   4/4
Installed:
 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                    
Dependency Installed:
 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7    mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7    mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7   
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user  | host | plugin  |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| easyoh-mp | %  | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root  | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name  | Value    |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_filesystem | binary    |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_system | utf8    |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 這里有個問題，新密碼設置的時候如果設置的過于簡單會報錯：

  原因是因為MySQL有密碼設置的規范，具體是與validate_password_policy的值有關：

CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟

  MySQL完整的初始密碼規則可以通過如下命令查看：

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name   | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length  | 4 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy  | LOW |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

  密碼的長度是由validate_password_length決定的，而validate_password_length的計算公式是：

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validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

我的是已經修改過的，初始情況下第一個的值是ON，validate_password_length是8。可以通過如下命令修改：

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mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

總結

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的CentOS 7.4 64位安裝配置MySQL8.0的詳細步驟，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對服務器之家網站的支持！

原文鏈接：https://www.cnblogs.com/smiler/archive/2018/10/17/9802056.html

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